This dataset has been collected thanks to the long-term partnership with National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Department (DNP), Thailand, which granted the permission for field access, and to the financial, scientific, technical, and/or logistical support of the Multiscale TROPIcal CatchmentS (SNO M-TROPICS; https://mtropics.obs-mip.fr/) critical zone observatory (previously MSEC). The soil samples were taken at different depths and under different vegetation covers at the long-term observatory catchment Huay Ma Nai in northern Thailand in 2001. The dataset holds general physical and chemical parameters of soil samples. Carbon (C), Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P) concentrations were assessed. Extractible Fe and Al has been analyzed by dithionite-citrate extractions. Cation exchange capacity (CEC) and grain size distribution were also measured and X-ray crystallography analysis has been conducted. Soil analyses have been carried out at the IRD laboratory in Cayenne, Guyane. The authors acknowledge the financial support of the Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD).